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Make MathML elements visible in the struct tree (bug 1937438)

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It'll help to make math equations "visible" for screen readers.
MS Office has a specific way to add some MathML code to struc tree leaf
and this patch handles it.
This commit is contained in:
Calixte Denizet 2025-10-21 19:36:27 +02:00
parent 9f397a632c
commit e5a62c8d06
9 changed files with 1360 additions and 1 deletions
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51
src/core/struct_tree.js
View File

@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
import { AnnotationPrefix, stringToPDFString, warn } from "../shared/util.js";
import { Dict, isName, Name, Ref, RefSetCache } from "./primitives.js";
import { lookupNormalRect, stringToAsciiOrUTF16BE } from "./core_utils.js";
import { BaseStream } from "./base_stream.js";
import { NumberTree } from "./name_number_tree.js";
const MAX_DEPTH = 40;
@ -579,6 +580,50 @@ class StructElementNode {
return root.roleMap.get(name) ?? name;
}
get mathML() {
let AFs = this.dict.get("AF") || [];
if (!Array.isArray(AFs)) {
AFs = [AFs];
}
for (let af of AFs) {
af = this.xref.fetchIfRef(af);
if (!(af instanceof Dict)) {
continue;
}
if (!isName(af.get("Type"), "Filespec")) {
continue;
}
if (!isName(af.get("AFRelationship"), "Supplement")) {
continue;
}
const ef = af.get("EF");
if (!(ef instanceof Dict)) {
continue;
}
const fileStream = ef.get("UF") || ef.get("F");
if (!(fileStream instanceof BaseStream)) {
continue;
}
if (!isName(fileStream.dict.get("Type"), "EmbeddedFile")) {
continue;
}
if (!isName(fileStream.dict.get("Subtype"), "application/mathml+xml")) {
continue;
}
return fileStream.getString();
}
const A = this.dict.get("A");
if (A instanceof Dict) {
// This stuff isn't in the spec, but MS Office seems to use it.
const O = A.get("O");
if (isName(O, "MSFT_Office")) {
const mathml = A.get("MSFT_MathML");
return mathml ? stringToPDFString(mathml) : null;
}
}
return null;
}
parseKids() {
let pageObjId = null;
const objRef = this.dict.getRaw("Pg");
@ -842,6 +887,12 @@ class StructTreePage {
if (typeof alt === "string") {
obj.alt = stringToPDFString(alt);
}
if (obj.role === "Formula") {
const { mathML } = node;
if (mathML) {
obj.mathML = mathML;
}
}
const a = node.dict.get("A");
if (a instanceof Dict) {

9
src/shared/util.js
View File

@ -658,6 +658,15 @@ class FeatureTest {
);
}
static get isSanitizerSupported() {
return shadow(
this,
"isSanitizerSupported",
// eslint-disable-next-line no-undef
typeof Sanitizer !== "undefined"
);
}
static get platform() {
const { platform, userAgent } = navigator;

68
test/integration/accessibility_spec.mjs
View File

@ -305,4 +305,72 @@ describe("accessibility", () => {
);
});
});
describe("MathML in AF entry from LaTeX", () => {
let pages;
beforeEach(async () => {
pages = await loadAndWait("bug1937438_af_from_latex.pdf", ".textLayer");
});
afterEach(async () => {
await closePages(pages);
});
it("must check that the MathML is correctly inserted", async () => {
await Promise.all(
pages.map(async ([browserName, page]) => {
const isSanitizerSupported = await page.evaluate(() => {
try {
// eslint-disable-next-line no-undef
return typeof Sanitizer !== "undefined";
} catch {
return false;
}
});
if (isSanitizerSupported) {
const mathML = await page.$eval(
"span.structTree span[aria-owns='p58R_mc13'] > math",
el => el?.innerHTML ?? ""
);
expect(mathML)
.withContext(`In ${browserName}`)
.toEqual(
" <msqrt><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></msqrt> <mo>=</mo> <mrow><mo>|</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>|</mo></mrow> "
);
} else {
pending(`Sanitizer API (in ${browserName}) is not supported`);
}
})
);
});
});
describe("MathML tags in the struct tree", () => {
let pages;
beforeEach(async () => {
pages = await loadAndWait("bug1937438_mml_from_latex.pdf", ".textLayer");
});
afterEach(async () => {
await closePages(pages);
});
it("must check that the MathML is correctly inserted", async () => {
await Promise.all(
pages.map(async ([browserName, page]) => {
const mathML = await page.$eval(
"span.structTree span[role='group'] span[role='group']:last-child > span math",
el => el?.innerHTML ?? ""
);
expect(mathML)
.withContext(`In ${browserName}`)
.toEqual(
`<mi aria-owns="p76R_mc16"></mi><mo aria-owns="p76R_mc17"></mo><msqrt><mrow><msup><mi aria-owns="p76R_mc18"></mi><mn aria-owns="p76R_mc19"></mn></msup><mo aria-owns="p76R_mc20"></mo><msup><mi aria-owns="p76R_mc21"></mi><mn aria-owns="p76R_mc22"></mn></msup></mrow></msqrt>`
);
})
);
});
});
});

3
test/pdfs/.gitignore vendored
View File

@ -749,3 +749,6 @@
!issue20319_1.pdf
!issue20319_2.pdf
!bug1992868.pdf
!bug1937438_af_from_latex.pdf
!bug1937438_from_word.pdf
!bug1937438_mml_from_latex.pdf

965
test/pdfs/bug1937438_af_from_latex.pdf Executable file
View File

@ -0,0 +1,965 @@
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%ÌÕÁÔÅØÐÄÆ
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endobj
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endstream
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endstream
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BIN
test/pdfs/bug1937438_from_word.pdf Executable file
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BIN
test/pdfs/bug1937438_mml_from_latex.pdf Executable file
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151
test/unit/struct_tree_spec.js
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@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ function equalTrees(rootA, rootB) {
expect(a.role).toEqual(b.role);
expect(a.lang).toEqual(b.lang);
expect(a.type).toEqual(b.type);
expect(a.mathML).toEqual(b.mathML);
expect("children" in a).toEqual("children" in b);
if (!a.children) {
return;
@ -151,4 +152,154 @@ describe("struct tree", function () {
);
await loadingTask.destroy();
});
it("parses structure with some MathML in AF dictionary", async function () {
const filename = "bug1937438_af_from_latex.pdf";
const params = buildGetDocumentParams(filename);
const loadingTask = getDocument(params);
const doc = await loadingTask.promise;
const page = await doc.getPage(1);
const struct = await page.getStructTree();
equalTrees(
{
children: [
{
role: "Document",
children: [
{
role: "Part",
children: [
{
role: "P",
children: [
{
role: "P",
children: [{ type: "content", id: "p58R_mc0" }],
},
],
},
{
role: "P",
children: [{ type: "content", id: "p58R_mc1" }],
},
{
role: "P",
children: [{ type: "content", id: "p58R_mc2" }],
},
],
},
{
role: "Sect",
children: [
{
role: "H1",
children: [
{
role: "Lbl",
children: [{ type: "content", id: "p58R_mc3" }],
},
{ type: "content", id: "p58R_mc4" },
],
},
{
role: "Part",
children: [
{
role: "P",
children: [
{ type: "content", id: "p58R_mc5" },
{
role: "Formula",
children: [{ type: "content", id: "p58R_mc6" }],
mathML: "<math> <mi>x</mi> </math>",
},
{ type: "content", id: "p58R_mc7" },
{
role: "Formula",
children: [{ type: "content", id: "p58R_mc8" }],
mathML: "<math> <mi>y</mi> </math>",
},
{ type: "content", id: "p58R_mc9" },
{
role: "Formula",
children: [{ type: "content", id: "p58R_mc10" }],
mathML:
"<math> <mi>x</mi> <mo>&gt;</mo> <mi>y</mi> </math>",
},
{ type: "content", id: "p58R_mc11" },
],
},
],
},
{
role: "Part",
children: [
{
role: "P",
children: [{ type: "content", id: "p58R_mc12" }],
},
{
role: "Formula",
children: [{ type: "content", id: "p58R_mc13" }],
mathML:
'<math> <msqrt><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></msqrt> <mo>=</mo> <mrow intent="absolute-value($x)"><mo>|</mo><mi arg="x">x</mi><mo>|</mo></mrow> </math>',
},
],
},
],
},
],
},
],
role: "Root",
},
struct
);
await loadingTask.destroy();
});
it("parses structure with some MathML in MS Office specific entry", async function () {
const filename = "bug1937438_from_word.pdf";
const params = buildGetDocumentParams(filename);
const loadingTask = getDocument(params);
const doc = await loadingTask.promise;
const page = await doc.getPage(1);
const struct = await page.getStructTree();
equalTrees(
{
children: [
{
role: "Document",
children: [
{
role: "P",
children: [
{ type: "content", id: "p3R_mc0" },
{
role: "Formula",
children: [{ type: "content", id: "p3R_mc1" }],
alt: "pi",
mathML: '<math display="block"><mi>&#x1D70B;</mi></math>',
},
{ type: "content", id: "p3R_mc2" },
],
},
{
role: "Formula",
children: [{ type: "content", id: "p3R_mc3" }],
alt: "6 sum from n equals 1 to infinity of 1 over n squared , equals pi squared",
mathML:
'<math display="block"><mn>6</mn><mrow><munderover><mo stretchy="false">&#x2211;</mo><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow><mo>&#x221E;</mo></munderover><mfrac><mn>1</mn><msup><mrow><mi>n</mi></mrow><mn>2</mn></msup></mfrac></mrow><mo>=</mo><msup><mrow><mi>&#x1D70B;</mi></mrow><mn>2</mn></msup></math>',
},
{ role: "P", children: [{ type: "content", id: "p3R_mc4" }] },
{ role: "P", children: [{ type: "content", id: "p3R_mc5" }] },
],
},
],
role: "Root",
},
struct
);
await loadingTask.destroy();
});
});

114
web/struct_tree_layer_builder.js
View File

@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
/** @typedef {import("../src/display/api").PDFPageProxy} PDFPageProxy */
import { FeatureTest, shadow } from "pdfjs-lib";
import { removeNullCharacters } from "./ui_utils.js";
const PDF_ROLE_TO_HTML_ROLE = {
@ -73,6 +74,98 @@ const PDF_ROLE_TO_HTML_ROLE = {
Artifact: null,
};
const MathMLElements = new Set([
"math",
"merror",
"mfrac",
"mi",
"mmultiscripts",
"mn",
"mo",
"mover",
"mpadded",
"mprescripts",
"mroot",
"mrow",
"ms",
"mspace",
"msqrt",
"mstyle",
"msub",
"msubsup",
"msup",
"mtable",
"mtd",
"mtext",
"mtr",
"munder",
"munderover",
"semantics",
]);
const MathMLNamespace = "http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML";
class MathMLSanitizer {
static get sanitizer() {
// From https://w3c.github.io/mathml-docs/mathml-safe-list.
return shadow(
this,
"sanitizer",
FeatureTest.isSanitizerSupported
? // eslint-disable-next-line no-undef
new Sanitizer({
elements: [...MathMLElements].map(name => ({
name,
namespace: MathMLNamespace,
})),
replaceWithChildrenElements: [
{
name: "maction",
namespace: MathMLNamespace,
},
],
attributes: [
"dir",
"displaystyle",
"mathbackground",
"mathcolor",
"mathsize",
"scriptlevel",
"encoding",
"display",
"linethickness",
"intent",
"arg",
"form",
"fence",
"separator",
"lspace",
"rspace",
"stretchy",
"symmetric",
"maxsize",
"minsize",
"largeop",
"movablelimits",
"width",
"height",
"depth",
"voffset",
"accent",
"accentunder",
"columnspan",
"rowspan",
].map(name => ({
name,
namespace: MathMLNamespace,
})),
comments: false,
})
: null
);
}
}
const HEADING_PATTERN = /^H(\d+)$/;
/**
@ -230,9 +323,12 @@ class StructTreeLayerBuilder {
return null;
}
const element = document.createElement("span");
let element;
if ("role" in node) {
const { role } = node;
element = MathMLElements.has(role)
? document.createElementNS(MathMLNamespace, role)
: document.createElement("span");
const match = role.match(HEADING_PATTERN);
if (match) {
element.setAttribute("role", "heading");
@ -243,8 +339,24 @@ class StructTreeLayerBuilder {
if (role === "Figure" && this.#addImageInTextLayer(node, element)) {
return element;
}
if (role === "Formula") {
if (node.mathML && MathMLSanitizer.sanitizer) {
element.setHTML(node.mathML, {
sanitizer: MathMLSanitizer.sanitizer,
});
}
if (
!node.mathML &&
node.children.length === 1 &&
node.children[0].role !== "math"
) {
element = document.createElementNS(MathMLNamespace, "math");
}
}
}
element ||= document.createElement("span");
this.#setAttributes(node, element);
if (node.children) {