Reasons for removal:
- These tests never generated any warnings from OSS-Fuzz, in over a year.
- An error thrown during image decoding will lead to a broken/missing image, not a security problem.
- These tests rely on the Jazzer.js library, which has a number of problems: It now causes failures in Node.js v23 in the CI tests, it's no longer being maintained upstream, and it lacks support for some (fairly common) CPU architectures.