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searxng/searx/engines/wikidata.py
Alexandre Flament cd2dd5dd55 Wikidata engine: ignore dummy entities 
Close #641
2022-06-11 11:09:21 +02:00

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# SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later
# lint: pylint
"""Wikidata
"""
# pylint: disable=missing-class-docstring
from hashlib import md5
from urllib.parse import urlencode, unquote
from json import loads
from dateutil.parser import isoparse
from babel.dates import format_datetime, format_date, format_time, get_datetime_format
from searx.data import WIKIDATA_UNITS
from searx.network import post, get
from searx.utils import match_language, searx_useragent, get_string_replaces_function
from searx.external_urls import get_external_url, get_earth_coordinates_url, area_to_osm_zoom
from searx.engines.wikipedia import ( # pylint: disable=unused-import
_fetch_supported_languages,
supported_languages_url,
)
# about
about = {
"website": 'https://wikidata.org/',
"wikidata_id": 'Q2013',
"official_api_documentation": 'https://query.wikidata.org/',
"use_official_api": True,
"require_api_key": False,
"results": 'JSON',
}
# SPARQL
SPARQL_ENDPOINT_URL = 'https://query.wikidata.org/sparql'
SPARQL_EXPLAIN_URL = 'https://query.wikidata.org/bigdata/namespace/wdq/sparql?explain'
WIKIDATA_PROPERTIES = {
'P434': 'MusicBrainz',
'P435': 'MusicBrainz',
'P436': 'MusicBrainz',
'P966': 'MusicBrainz',
'P345': 'IMDb',
'P2397': 'YouTube',
'P1651': 'YouTube',
'P2002': 'Twitter',
'P2013': 'Facebook',
'P2003': 'Instagram',
}
# SERVICE wikibase:mwapi : https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikidata_Query_Service/User_Manual/MWAPI
# SERVICE wikibase:label: https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/SPARQL/SERVICE_-_Label#Manual_Label_SERVICE
# https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/SPARQL/WIKIDATA_Precision,_Units_and_Coordinates
# https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikibase/Indexing/RDF_Dump_Format#Data_model
# optmization:
# * https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:SPARQL_query_service/query_optimization
# * https://github.com/blazegraph/database/wiki/QueryHints
QUERY_TEMPLATE = """
SELECT ?item ?itemLabel ?itemDescription ?lat ?long %SELECT%
WHERE
{
SERVICE wikibase:mwapi {
bd:serviceParam wikibase:endpoint "www.wikidata.org";
wikibase:api "EntitySearch";
wikibase:limit 1;
mwapi:search "%QUERY%";
mwapi:language "%LANGUAGE%".
?item wikibase:apiOutputItem mwapi:item.
}
hint:Prior hint:runFirst "true".
%WHERE%
SERVICE wikibase:label {
bd:serviceParam wikibase:language "%LANGUAGE%,en".
?item rdfs:label ?itemLabel .
?item schema:description ?itemDescription .
%WIKIBASE_LABELS%
}
}
GROUP BY ?item ?itemLabel ?itemDescription ?lat ?long %GROUP_BY%
"""
# Get the calendar names and the property names
QUERY_PROPERTY_NAMES = """
SELECT ?item ?name
WHERE {
{
SELECT ?item
WHERE { ?item wdt:P279* wd:Q12132 }
} UNION {
VALUES ?item { %ATTRIBUTES% }
}
OPTIONAL { ?item rdfs:label ?name. }
}
"""
# see the property "dummy value" of https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2013 (Wikidata)
# hard coded here to avoid to an additional SPARQL request when the server starts
DUMMY_ENTITY_URLS = set(
"http://www.wikidata.org/entity/" + wid for wid in ("Q4115189", "Q13406268", "Q15397819", "Q17339402")
)
# https://www.w3.org/TR/sparql11-query/#rSTRING_LITERAL1
# https://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-rdf-dawg/2011OctDec/0175.html
sparql_string_escape = get_string_replaces_function(
# fmt: off
{
'\t': '\\\t',
'\n': '\\\n',
'\r': '\\\r',
'\b': '\\\b',
'\f': '\\\f',
'\"': '\\\"',
'\'': '\\\'',
'\\': '\\\\'
}
# fmt: on
)
replace_http_by_https = get_string_replaces_function({'http:': 'https:'})
def get_headers():
# user agent: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikidata_Query_Service/User_Manual#Query_limits
return {'Accept': 'application/sparql-results+json', 'User-Agent': searx_useragent()}
def get_label_for_entity(entity_id, language):
name = WIKIDATA_PROPERTIES.get(entity_id)
if name is None:
name = WIKIDATA_PROPERTIES.get((entity_id, language))
if name is None:
name = WIKIDATA_PROPERTIES.get((entity_id, language.split('-')[0]))
if name is None:
name = WIKIDATA_PROPERTIES.get((entity_id, 'en'))
if name is None:
name = entity_id
return name
def send_wikidata_query(query, method='GET'):
if method == 'GET':
# query will be cached by wikidata
http_response = get(SPARQL_ENDPOINT_URL + '?' + urlencode({'query': query}), headers=get_headers())
else:
# query won't be cached by wikidata
http_response = post(SPARQL_ENDPOINT_URL, data={'query': query}, headers=get_headers())
if http_response.status_code != 200:
logger.debug('SPARQL endpoint error %s', http_response.content.decode())
logger.debug('request time %s', str(http_response.elapsed))
http_response.raise_for_status()
return loads(http_response.content.decode())
def request(query, params):
language = params['language'].split('-')[0]
if language == 'all':
language = 'en'
else:
language = match_language(params['language'], supported_languages, language_aliases).split('-')[0]
query, attributes = get_query(query, language)
params['method'] = 'POST'
params['url'] = SPARQL_ENDPOINT_URL
params['data'] = {'query': query}
params['headers'] = get_headers()
params['language'] = language
params['attributes'] = attributes
return params
def response(resp):
results = []
jsonresponse = loads(resp.content.decode())
language = resp.search_params['language'].lower()
attributes = resp.search_params['attributes']
seen_entities = set()
for result in jsonresponse.get('results', {}).get('bindings', []):
attribute_result = {key: value['value'] for key, value in result.items()}
entity_url = attribute_result['item']
if entity_url not in seen_entities and entity_url not in DUMMY_ENTITY_URLS:
seen_entities.add(entity_url)
results += get_results(attribute_result, attributes, language)
else:
logger.debug('The SPARQL request returns duplicate entities: %s', str(attribute_result))
return results
_IMG_SRC_DEFAULT_URL_PREFIX = "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/"
_IMG_SRC_NEW_URL_PREFIX = "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/"
def get_thumbnail(img_src):
"""Get Thumbnail image from wikimedia commons
Images from commons.wikimedia.org are (HTTP) redirected to
upload.wikimedia.org. The redirected URL can be calculated by this
function.
- https://stackoverflow.com/a/33691240
"""
logger.debug('get_thumbnail(): %s', img_src)
if not img_src is None and _IMG_SRC_DEFAULT_URL_PREFIX in img_src.split()[0]:
img_src_name = unquote(img_src.replace(_IMG_SRC_DEFAULT_URL_PREFIX, "").split("?", 1)[0].replace("%20", "_"))
img_src_name_first = img_src_name
img_src_name_second = img_src_name
if ".svg" in img_src_name.split()[0]:
img_src_name_second = img_src_name + ".png"
img_src_size = img_src.replace(_IMG_SRC_DEFAULT_URL_PREFIX, "").split("?", 1)[1]
img_src_size = img_src_size[img_src_size.index("=") + 1 : img_src_size.index("&")]
img_src_name_md5 = md5(img_src_name.encode("utf-8")).hexdigest()
img_src = (
_IMG_SRC_NEW_URL_PREFIX
+ img_src_name_md5[0]
+ "/"
+ img_src_name_md5[0:2]
+ "/"
+ img_src_name_first
+ "/"
+ img_src_size
+ "px-"
+ img_src_name_second
)
logger.debug('get_thumbnail() redirected: %s', img_src)
return img_src
def get_results(attribute_result, attributes, language):
# pylint: disable=too-many-branches
results = []
infobox_title = attribute_result.get('itemLabel')
infobox_id = attribute_result['item']
infobox_id_lang = None
infobox_urls = []
infobox_attributes = []
infobox_content = attribute_result.get('itemDescription', [])
img_src = None
img_src_priority = 0
for attribute in attributes:
value = attribute.get_str(attribute_result, language)
if value is not None and value != '':
attribute_type = type(attribute)
if attribute_type in (WDURLAttribute, WDArticle):
# get_select() method : there is group_concat(distinct ...;separator=", ")
# split the value here
for url in value.split(', '):
infobox_urls.append({'title': attribute.get_label(language), 'url': url, **attribute.kwargs})
# "normal" results (not infobox) include official website and Wikipedia links.
if attribute.kwargs.get('official') or attribute_type == WDArticle:
results.append({'title': infobox_title, 'url': url})
# update the infobox_id with the wikipedia URL
# first the local wikipedia URL, and as fallback the english wikipedia URL
if attribute_type == WDArticle and (
(attribute.language == 'en' and infobox_id_lang is None) or attribute.language != 'en'
):
infobox_id_lang = attribute.language
infobox_id = url
elif attribute_type == WDImageAttribute:
# this attribute is an image.
# replace the current image only the priority is lower
# (the infobox contain only one image).
if attribute.priority > img_src_priority:
img_src = get_thumbnail(value)
img_src_priority = attribute.priority
elif attribute_type == WDGeoAttribute:
# geocoordinate link
# use the area to get the OSM zoom
# Note: ignre the unit (must be km² otherwise the calculation is wrong)
# Should use normalized value p:P2046/psn:P2046/wikibase:quantityAmount
area = attribute_result.get('P2046')
osm_zoom = area_to_osm_zoom(area) if area else 19
url = attribute.get_geo_url(attribute_result, osm_zoom=osm_zoom)
if url:
infobox_urls.append({'title': attribute.get_label(language), 'url': url, 'entity': attribute.name})
else:
infobox_attributes.append(
{'label': attribute.get_label(language), 'value': value, 'entity': attribute.name}
)
if infobox_id:
infobox_id = replace_http_by_https(infobox_id)
# add the wikidata URL at the end
infobox_urls.append({'title': 'Wikidata', 'url': attribute_result['item']})
if img_src is None and len(infobox_attributes) == 0 and len(infobox_urls) == 1 and len(infobox_content) == 0:
results.append({'url': infobox_urls[0]['url'], 'title': infobox_title, 'content': infobox_content})
else:
results.append(
{
'infobox': infobox_title,
'id': infobox_id,
'content': infobox_content,
'img_src': img_src,
'urls': infobox_urls,
'attributes': infobox_attributes,
}
)
return results
def get_query(query, language):
attributes = get_attributes(language)
select = [a.get_select() for a in attributes]
where = list(filter(lambda s: len(s) > 0, [a.get_where() for a in attributes]))
wikibase_label = list(filter(lambda s: len(s) > 0, [a.get_wikibase_label() for a in attributes]))
group_by = list(filter(lambda s: len(s) > 0, [a.get_group_by() for a in attributes]))
query = (
QUERY_TEMPLATE.replace('%QUERY%', sparql_string_escape(query))
.replace('%SELECT%', ' '.join(select))
.replace('%WHERE%', '\n '.join(where))
.replace('%WIKIBASE_LABELS%', '\n '.join(wikibase_label))
.replace('%GROUP_BY%', ' '.join(group_by))
.replace('%LANGUAGE%', language)
)
return query, attributes
def get_attributes(language):
# pylint: disable=too-many-statements
attributes = []
def add_value(name):
attributes.append(WDAttribute(name))
def add_amount(name):
attributes.append(WDAmountAttribute(name))
def add_label(name):
attributes.append(WDLabelAttribute(name))
def add_url(name, url_id=None, **kwargs):
attributes.append(WDURLAttribute(name, url_id, kwargs))
def add_image(name, url_id=None, priority=1):
attributes.append(WDImageAttribute(name, url_id, priority))
def add_date(name):
attributes.append(WDDateAttribute(name))
# Dates
for p in [
'P571', # inception date
'P576', # dissolution date
'P580', # start date
'P582', # end date
'P569', # date of birth
'P570', # date of death
'P619', # date of spacecraft launch
'P620',
]: # date of spacecraft landing
add_date(p)
for p in [
'P27', # country of citizenship
'P495', # country of origin
'P17', # country
'P159',
]: # headquarters location
add_label(p)
# Places
for p in [
'P36', # capital
'P35', # head of state
'P6', # head of government
'P122', # basic form of government
'P37',
]: # official language
add_label(p)
add_value('P1082') # population
add_amount('P2046') # area
add_amount('P281') # postal code
add_label('P38') # currency
add_amount('P2048') # heigth (building)
# Media
for p in [
'P400', # platform (videogames, computing)
'P50', # author
'P170', # creator
'P57', # director
'P175', # performer
'P178', # developer
'P162', # producer
'P176', # manufacturer
'P58', # screenwriter
'P272', # production company
'P264', # record label
'P123', # publisher
'P449', # original network
'P750', # distributed by
'P86',
]: # composer
add_label(p)
add_date('P577') # publication date
add_label('P136') # genre (music, film, artistic...)
add_label('P364') # original language
add_value('P212') # ISBN-13
add_value('P957') # ISBN-10
add_label('P275') # copyright license
add_label('P277') # programming language
add_value('P348') # version
add_label('P840') # narrative location
# Languages
add_value('P1098') # number of speakers
add_label('P282') # writing system
add_label('P1018') # language regulatory body
add_value('P218') # language code (ISO 639-1)
# Other
add_label('P169') # ceo
add_label('P112') # founded by
add_label('P1454') # legal form (company, organization)
add_label('P137') # operator (service, facility, ...)
add_label('P1029') # crew members (tripulation)
add_label('P225') # taxon name
add_value('P274') # chemical formula
add_label('P1346') # winner (sports, contests, ...)
add_value('P1120') # number of deaths
add_value('P498') # currency code (ISO 4217)
# URL
add_url('P856', official=True) # official website
attributes.append(WDArticle(language)) # wikipedia (user language)
if not language.startswith('en'):
attributes.append(WDArticle('en')) # wikipedia (english)
add_url('P1324') # source code repository
add_url('P1581') # blog
add_url('P434', url_id='musicbrainz_artist')
add_url('P435', url_id='musicbrainz_work')
add_url('P436', url_id='musicbrainz_release_group')
add_url('P966', url_id='musicbrainz_label')
add_url('P345', url_id='imdb_id')
add_url('P2397', url_id='youtube_channel')
add_url('P1651', url_id='youtube_video')
add_url('P2002', url_id='twitter_profile')
add_url('P2013', url_id='facebook_profile')
add_url('P2003', url_id='instagram_profile')
# Map
attributes.append(WDGeoAttribute('P625'))
# Image
add_image('P15', priority=1, url_id='wikimedia_image') # route map
add_image('P242', priority=2, url_id='wikimedia_image') # locator map
add_image('P154', priority=3, url_id='wikimedia_image') # logo
add_image('P18', priority=4, url_id='wikimedia_image') # image
add_image('P41', priority=5, url_id='wikimedia_image') # flag
add_image('P2716', priority=6, url_id='wikimedia_image') # collage
add_image('P2910', priority=7, url_id='wikimedia_image') # icon
return attributes
class WDAttribute:
__slots__ = ('name',)
def __init__(self, name):
self.name = name
def get_select(self):
return '(group_concat(distinct ?{name};separator=", ") as ?{name}s)'.replace('{name}', self.name)
def get_label(self, language):
return get_label_for_entity(self.name, language)
def get_where(self):
return "OPTIONAL { ?item wdt:{name} ?{name} . }".replace('{name}', self.name)
def get_wikibase_label(self):
return ""
def get_group_by(self):
return ""
def get_str(self, result, language): # pylint: disable=unused-argument
return result.get(self.name + 's')
def __repr__(self):
return '<' + str(type(self).__name__) + ':' + self.name + '>'
class WDAmountAttribute(WDAttribute):
def get_select(self):
return '?{name} ?{name}Unit'.replace('{name}', self.name)
def get_where(self):
return """ OPTIONAL { ?item p:{name} ?{name}Node .
?{name}Node rdf:type wikibase:BestRank ; ps:{name} ?{name} .
OPTIONAL { ?{name}Node psv:{name}/wikibase:quantityUnit ?{name}Unit. } }""".replace(
'{name}', self.name
)
def get_group_by(self):
return self.get_select()
def get_str(self, result, language):
value = result.get(self.name)
unit = result.get(self.name + "Unit")
if unit is not None:
unit = unit.replace('http://www.wikidata.org/entity/', '')
return value + " " + get_label_for_entity(unit, language)
return value
class WDArticle(WDAttribute):
__slots__ = 'language', 'kwargs'
def __init__(self, language, kwargs=None):
super().__init__('wikipedia')
self.language = language
self.kwargs = kwargs or {}
def get_label(self, language):
# language parameter is ignored
return "Wikipedia ({language})".replace('{language}', self.language)
def get_select(self):
return "?article{language} ?articleName{language}".replace('{language}', self.language)
def get_where(self):
return """OPTIONAL { ?article{language} schema:about ?item ;
schema:inLanguage "{language}" ;
schema:isPartOf <https://{language}.wikipedia.org/> ;
schema:name ?articleName{language} . }""".replace(
'{language}', self.language
)
def get_group_by(self):
return self.get_select()
def get_str(self, result, language):
key = 'article{language}'.replace('{language}', self.language)
return result.get(key)
class WDLabelAttribute(WDAttribute):
def get_select(self):
return '(group_concat(distinct ?{name}Label;separator=", ") as ?{name}Labels)'.replace('{name}', self.name)
def get_where(self):
return "OPTIONAL { ?item wdt:{name} ?{name} . }".replace('{name}', self.name)
def get_wikibase_label(self):
return "?{name} rdfs:label ?{name}Label .".replace('{name}', self.name)
def get_str(self, result, language):
return result.get(self.name + 'Labels')
class WDURLAttribute(WDAttribute):
HTTP_WIKIMEDIA_IMAGE = 'http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/'
__slots__ = 'url_id', 'kwargs'
def __init__(self, name, url_id=None, kwargs=None):
super().__init__(name)
self.url_id = url_id
self.kwargs = kwargs
def get_str(self, result, language):
value = result.get(self.name + 's')
if self.url_id and value is not None and value != '':
value = value.split(',')[0]
url_id = self.url_id
if value.startswith(WDURLAttribute.HTTP_WIKIMEDIA_IMAGE):
value = value[len(WDURLAttribute.HTTP_WIKIMEDIA_IMAGE) :]
url_id = 'wikimedia_image'
return get_external_url(url_id, value)
return value
class WDGeoAttribute(WDAttribute):
def get_label(self, language):
return "OpenStreetMap"
def get_select(self):
return "?{name}Lat ?{name}Long".replace('{name}', self.name)
def get_where(self):
return """OPTIONAL { ?item p:{name}/psv:{name} [
wikibase:geoLatitude ?{name}Lat ;
wikibase:geoLongitude ?{name}Long ] }""".replace(
'{name}', self.name
)
def get_group_by(self):
return self.get_select()
def get_str(self, result, language):
latitude = result.get(self.name + 'Lat')
longitude = result.get(self.name + 'Long')
if latitude and longitude:
return latitude + ' ' + longitude
return None
def get_geo_url(self, result, osm_zoom=19):
latitude = result.get(self.name + 'Lat')
longitude = result.get(self.name + 'Long')
if latitude and longitude:
return get_earth_coordinates_url(latitude, longitude, osm_zoom)
return None
class WDImageAttribute(WDURLAttribute):
__slots__ = ('priority',)
def __init__(self, name, url_id=None, priority=100):
super().__init__(name, url_id)
self.priority = priority
class WDDateAttribute(WDAttribute):
def get_select(self):
return '?{name} ?{name}timePrecision ?{name}timeZone ?{name}timeCalendar'.replace('{name}', self.name)
def get_where(self):
# To remove duplicate, add
# FILTER NOT EXISTS { ?item p:{name}/psv:{name}/wikibase:timeValue ?{name}bis FILTER (?{name}bis < ?{name}) }
# this filter is too slow, so the response function ignore duplicate results
# (see the seen_entities variable)
return """OPTIONAL { ?item p:{name}/psv:{name} [
wikibase:timeValue ?{name} ;
wikibase:timePrecision ?{name}timePrecision ;
wikibase:timeTimezone ?{name}timeZone ;
wikibase:timeCalendarModel ?{name}timeCalendar ] . }
hint:Prior hint:rangeSafe true;""".replace(
'{name}', self.name
)
def get_group_by(self):
return self.get_select()
def format_8(self, value, locale): # pylint: disable=unused-argument
# precision: less than a year
return value
def format_9(self, value, locale):
year = int(value)
# precision: year
if year < 1584:
if year < 0:
return str(year - 1)
return str(year)
timestamp = isoparse(value)
return format_date(timestamp, format='yyyy', locale=locale)
def format_10(self, value, locale):
# precision: month
timestamp = isoparse(value)
return format_date(timestamp, format='MMMM y', locale=locale)
def format_11(self, value, locale):
# precision: day
timestamp = isoparse(value)
return format_date(timestamp, format='full', locale=locale)
def format_13(self, value, locale):
timestamp = isoparse(value)
# precision: minute
return (
get_datetime_format(format, locale=locale)
.replace("'", "")
.replace('{0}', format_time(timestamp, 'full', tzinfo=None, locale=locale))
.replace('{1}', format_date(timestamp, 'short', locale=locale))
)
def format_14(self, value, locale):
# precision: second.
return format_datetime(isoparse(value), format='full', locale=locale)
DATE_FORMAT = {
'0': ('format_8', 1000000000),
'1': ('format_8', 100000000),
'2': ('format_8', 10000000),
'3': ('format_8', 1000000),
'4': ('format_8', 100000),
'5': ('format_8', 10000),
'6': ('format_8', 1000),
'7': ('format_8', 100),
'8': ('format_8', 10),
'9': ('format_9', 1), # year
'10': ('format_10', 1), # month
'11': ('format_11', 0), # day
'12': ('format_13', 0), # hour (not supported by babel, display minute)
'13': ('format_13', 0), # minute
'14': ('format_14', 0), # second
}
def get_str(self, result, language):
value = result.get(self.name)
if value == '' or value is None:
return None
precision = result.get(self.name + 'timePrecision')
date_format = WDDateAttribute.DATE_FORMAT.get(precision)
if date_format is not None:
format_method = getattr(self, date_format[0])
precision = date_format[1]
try:
if precision >= 1:
t = value.split('-')
if value.startswith('-'):
value = '-' + t[1]
else:
value = t[0]
return format_method(value, language)
except Exception: # pylint: disable=broad-except
return value
return value
def debug_explain_wikidata_query(query, method='GET'):
if method == 'GET':
http_response = get(SPARQL_EXPLAIN_URL + '&' + urlencode({'query': query}), headers=get_headers())
else:
http_response = post(SPARQL_EXPLAIN_URL, data={'query': query}, headers=get_headers())
http_response.raise_for_status()
return http_response.content
def init(engine_settings=None): # pylint: disable=unused-argument
# WIKIDATA_PROPERTIES : add unit symbols
WIKIDATA_PROPERTIES.update(WIKIDATA_UNITS)
# WIKIDATA_PROPERTIES : add property labels
wikidata_property_names = []
for attribute in get_attributes('en'):
if type(attribute) in (WDAttribute, WDAmountAttribute, WDURLAttribute, WDDateAttribute, WDLabelAttribute):
if attribute.name not in WIKIDATA_PROPERTIES:
wikidata_property_names.append("wd:" + attribute.name)
query = QUERY_PROPERTY_NAMES.replace('%ATTRIBUTES%', " ".join(wikidata_property_names))
jsonresponse = send_wikidata_query(query)
for result in jsonresponse.get('results', {}).get('bindings', {}):
name = result['name']['value']
lang = result['name']['xml:lang']
entity_id = result['item']['value'].replace('http://www.wikidata.org/entity/', '')
WIKIDATA_PROPERTIES[(entity_id, lang)] = name.capitalize()
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